They are about known solutions to common problems which occur/already occurred and has been documented. I have heard a lot about GoF patterns; in short four individuals have coined a set of patterns. These patterns are related with common application programming design issues, so we can follow them instead of re-inventing them; thus saving us time on the project. They are programming language independent, but mostly oriented towards object based languages like Java, .Net.
Patterns are categorized into 4 sets:
Creational -> Structural -> Behavioral -> Concurrency Patterns.
You might think why did I drew arrows. It is simple, as you might have guessed. Various patterns co-exist, so they have to behave well, for them to behave; need to have structure, and first they need to be created.
Creational: deals with how object is to be created
. . . will be continued
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